Ferdinand Domela Nieuwenhuis

He began his career in his early 20s as a preacher. In the course of this work Domela Nieuwenhuis became increasingly interested in social issues. His religious doubts led him to leave the church in 1879, when he delved deeper into socialism and started writing pamphlets, books and articles rooted in socialist ideology. In 1888 he became the first socialist member of the parliament, but over time he lost faith in parliamentary democracy. He ultimately became a committed social anarchist and was involved in the antimilitarist movement.